The lost thoughts

I am lost in an island, where my thoughts are scattered into round the corners... Just finding the a big land of ocean of fresh water... I saw a mermaid, staring at me from a far apart rock side of the waves of water, watching a kiss of sky and ocean at the edge of lips of each, started the rumination from cores of mind... knowing no end of time, awaiting no escalations in any means... long ago lost the key to this dreamland and when I broke the lock I thought I procrastinated enough, leading the trailing time of honey dew of it to get hidden so secretly and asked me to play hide and seek.... Entered and found myself alone as the lonely loner.. The meadows of daffodles of wordsworth are stolen... the cocktail color of the mountain rotates itself to color of ashes... The wormhole that decided my time of flight into my utopia had been blocked and I'm stuck in the middle keeping the head in utopia and body into real world bearing all the odds in reality, affecting even the utopia built by me... A sting of spine of blood red rose, oozes a blow out of blood shed in the dreamland...  Just as a fellow returned to his old house, there's been searching of own things, finding some broken, knowing some stolen, watching in wretches and the events of gol'd'iamonds... Still there is something so desperate about..... .....The mermaid has left,  the waves all have calmed down, fresh waters seemed salty.... mimicking my utopia a reality... Oh my insane mind, what the hell happened to you... I know you have know answer but just a sarcastic smile....

Is it SOUL or సొల్లు

I saw them saying that the great saints/prophets (rishis) are of great deal... they even say that they are capable of living without food and water for long time enough and are of unchangeable attitude that concerns only the divine eternity the point of view of which they never quote/say straight forward or we can't understand what they understood in their form/notion... Why is this intrigue, why do they create something called aathma "the soul".... what makes them to think of it. when they are asked for proof of presence of soul they say that you can't get its vision with your natural form, it looks hilarious the great fact of the nature is that nothing is in the perceivable form of itself unless there is some physical alteration in that system whether you are able to understand it or not... so almost everything happens with a reason.. when there is a reason obviously there is a causative agent for that reason to exist, a causative agent should be in any form but it should be able to interact with the physical form of our Universe, when its capable of interactive with physical form, its certain that its conceivable, comprehensive enough...  people do dream, dream is a very creative aspect of brain that can make many things come together in a very peculiar way within which combination of some known physical forms could be possible to drive the formation of new object which you understood it as an object that one feels he never come into contact with such thing in his life time...  So the dream itself which can create immensely different unknown objects and situations need to find the support of physical components of the system, this makes me question about the integrity of the soul precisely its not the integrity of the soul instead you can say on the comprehension how those who said about the existence of it. the question is how they could see the soul, how they understood the soul, when they can't show the soul to someone as they see, why do they need to publish it to the society... why should they make the world of innocents into fools. What is the first physical component of their comprehension is understood the form and properties of the soul and what are they comparable to in the actual world and what is the proof or guarantee that can answer them the integrity of it. The past society had been run on the footage of these kind of beliefs... king rules society, but he is abide by the situations of the nature and he is afraid to/ abode of the person he supposed to have the knowledge of what nature is and how certain he is about the events and situations of the nature... So whatever beliefs built by such persons within their society were holy-centric which means that the uncertain nature has to be praised (good thing: maintains discipline in society), but the wicked intelligence of this concept creators is that the process of praising needs a ritual which fills stomach of those knowledgeable's community whether the other persons of that community are worthy of it or not. this is just one of the examples, coming to the soul: if you are well aware of the fact that this is the only life another one previous/next doesn't exist and there is no need for customizations(paapam, punyam) for the best next life or to revive/restrain previous life's odds within this life... you may lead your life like anything and that is dangerous to the ruler and the cunning fox the wicked intelligent fellows those stay beside ruler, the intellect needs the power of the ruler where as ruler needs intellect to empower itself more, that symbiosis is great where as they in their combination become conjoint parasites to the society which is said to be commensulistic in their words. So one needs to worry equally not about their present life but also about previous and next lifes so... probably soul has its origin over here(if no one proves the existence of the soul I say it damn bigger as louder as whole world can listen to it), so what if the soul exists. Its a real big deal, if you are able to make the innocent and ill-educated or uneducated believe things about soul and incarnations/re-incarnations and make them afraid of all oddities caused when things go wrong from them(wrong actually for those who rule/rule the ruler) they simply believe and go on doing it without scrutinizing that, ruler's power makes them mum/silent... A silence of hundred years or more is sufficient make the theme to become into a custom and a follow up system or anything you term... During my childhood I was also told not to question about anything just for the reason that those who told are elders and so being elders they shouldn't be questioned even for clarifying our doubts about that contemporary event that's taking place there... I am not writing this for those either who do not believe in the existence of soul or not for those who do not care about whether it exists, but its meant for those argue about existence of souls.... A simple questions... how do you give a proof as an unquestionable answer regarding the existence of soul and eventual stories about it ??? Its just against the concept of existence of the soul but not against the great contributions of the ancient saints...

Decide...it

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First mobile post

World might run on round globe... But all of them like only cubicles to live in...

AUTODOCK Tutorial

If you are a person working in proteomics based bioinformatics work that demands the process of molecular docking with a open source docking software and aware of AUTODOCK but not aware of how to run it, I believe this tutorial video helps you in getting through...

Blank screen with (initramfs)??!!!!!

An important troubleshoot: those who are using linux, whenever you face a situation, where your hard disk doesn't get boot, instead of that your RAM disk gets initiates with the interface as below ------------------------ Busybox v1.13.3 -(initramfs) ------------------------ Then use an old ubuntu/LinuxMint (versions 9/8) list your file system with the command   sudo fdisk -l and check  the UID of your linux installed file system using  the command   sudo blkid mount your linux file system with a  command   sudo mount /dev/sda6 /mnt (your files system number Eg:  sda6) and compare the UIDs present  in the terminal and  fstab (type locate fstab to find the file location in the file system after you coud mount the file system) files and if they are different then, copy the UID in the terminal to fstab file and if both  UIDs look similar, then it indicates that your file system has be repaired, to carry out this process use the command sudo fsck -fyv /dev/sda6 when a prompt asking y/n then press y and let the command carry out the process of disk checking and after which your system should boot your linux installation file system without any fail. caution: do not use ubuntu 10.10 or linuxMint10 for carrying out this process, there is a bug in them which could not be fixed yet that can not make the fsck to check and correct the file system. for further details or queries just post on my fb wall http://www.facebook.com/chandramouliem

Simulating artificial brain for Robots

A video about carrying out mathematical modeling of neural activity of brain to simulate the artificial brain in Robotic instruments..(Science bytes) Episode 1: Blueprint for the Brain from Science Bytes on Vimeo.

Graphene turns spin doctor

A flow of electrons (green arrows) magnetises graphene in the opposite directions to the left and to the right from the current flow.Science/A

Single-atom carbon sheets could be ideal for spintronics. Edwin Cartlidge The ultra-thin form of carbon known as graphene has been hailed as a wonder material because of its exceptional electrical, thermal and mechanical properties. It now appears to have just the qualities needed to make ultra-fast electronic circuits that utilize the spin as well as the charge of electrons. Graphene is a layer of carbon one atom thick arranged in a hexagonal lattice. Discovered in 2004 by Andre Geim and Konstantin Novoselov of Manchester University, UK, who used sticky tape to remove slivers of graphite from pencil lead, its enormous strength, high thermal conductivity and unique electronic properties have spawned a huge amount of both fundamental and applied research and earned its discoverers the Nobel prize in physics last year. In the latest work, published today in Science, Geim and an international team of colleagues show that graphene could be used to make a new generation of so-called 'spintronic' devices. Conventional silicon chips encode binary data using the presence or absence of electric charge, but there is a limit to how small such chips can be made because of the heat generated by electrical currents. The idea of spintronics is to use not only electrons' charge but also their inherent angular momentum, or spin, which can be either 'up' or 'down'. That should yield devices that are smaller and faster, thanks to the fact that an electron's spin can be changed much more quickly than charge can flow round a circuit. Magnetic magic In practice, however, it is difficult to build components that can simultaneously inject, manipulate and then read out currents based on electron spin. One way to do this is to combine semiconductors with magnetic materials, with the latter injecting spin-polarized currents into the former, but finding materials that are compatible with one another is extremely tricky. It would be better if the three-step process could be carried out in a single material. Graphene appears to fit that bill. Geim and colleagues passed an electric current between two electrodes placed about a millionth of a metre apart on a graphene sheet and then measured the voltage across a region of the sheet about ten millionths of a metre from the electrodes. In any other material, that voltage would be close to zero, because currents straying from the path between the two electrodes become progressively weaker the farther away they get. But the researchers found that when they applied a magnetic field across the graphene sheet there was in fact a significant voltage. This, they say, is evidence of spin currents. What they believe is happening is that the magnetic field creates an imbalance in the number of spin-up and spin-down electrons, because it becomes energetically favourable for more of one type to line up with the field. Conversely, the field creates an opposite imbalance in the spin of electron vacancies, or holes. At the same time, the magnetic field exerts a force on the electrons and holes, as it would on any current flowing through a conductor, pushing them away from the current path. Sensing spin Team member Leonid Levitov at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge explains that because the electrons and holes are pushed in the same direction there is no net movement of charge, but because both types of carrier have the same spin (as a hole can be thought of as an anti-electron) then there is a flow of spin. And, he says, just as an electric current travelling in an antenna generates an electromagnetic field that can generate a current in another antenna some distance away, so too a spin-current generated from a voltage can return the favour and induce a new voltage far from the original. Levitov points out that their experiment does not provide direct proof that graphene can generate spin currents. But he maintains that he and his colleagues have analysed all other possible explanations and found them wanting. The practical applications of the work could be limited, Geim admits. Having to apply a magnetic field is a disadvantage, because it means that spintronic devices made of graphene could then be sensitive to unintended sources of magnetism. But he believes that graphene could yield much stronger and longer-lasting spin currents than other materials that naturally possess a spin-charge correlation and therefore do not require a magnetic field. David Awschalom of the University of California, Santa Barbara, who was not involved with the work, believes that the experimental results "unveil an intriguing mechanism for electrically driving spin transport in graphene". And he says that the technique "may have interesting applications within both sensing and spintronics". Reference: Graphene turns spin doctor(nature.com)

10 things to know about Anna Hazare and Lok Pal Bill

1. Who is Anna Hazare? An ex-army man. Fought 1965 Indo-Pak War 2. What's so special about him? He built a village Ralegaon Siddhi in Ahamad Nagar district, Maharashtra 3. So what? This village is a self-sustained model village. Energy is produced in the village itself from solar power, biofuel and wind mills. In 1975, it used to be a poverty clad village. Now it is one of the richest village in India. It has become a model for self-sustained, eco-friendly & harmonic village.  4. Ok,...? This guy, Anna Hazare was awarded Padma Bhushan and is a known figure for his social activities. 5. Really, what is he fighting for? He is supporting a cause, the amendment of a law to curb corruption in India. 6. How that can be possible? He is advocating for a Bil, The Lok Pal Bill (The Citizen Ombudsman Bill), that will form an autonomous authority who will make politicians (ministers), beurocrats (IAS/IPS) accountable for their deeds. 7. It's an entirely new thing right..? In 1972, the bill was proposed by then Law minister Mr. Shanti Bhushan. Since then it has been neglected by the politicians and some are trying to change the bill to suit thier theft (corruption). 8. Oh.. He is going on a hunger strike for that whole thing of passing a Bill ! How can that be possible in such a short span of time? The first thing he is asking for is: the government should come forward and announce that the bill is going to be passed. Next, they make a joint committee to DRAFT the LOK PAL BILL. 50% goverment participation and 50% public participation. Because you cant trust the government entirely for making such a bill which does not suit them. 9. Fine, What will happen when this bill is passed? A LokPal will be appointed at the centre. He will have an autonomous charge, say like the Election Commission of India. In each and every state, Lokayukta will be appointed. The job is to bring all alleged party to trial in case of corruptions within 1 year. Within 2 years, the guilty will be punished. Not like, Bofors scam or Bhopal Gas Tragedy case, that has been going for last 25 years without any result. 10. Is he alone? Whoelse is there in the fight with Anna Hazare? Baba Ramdev, Ex. IPS Kiran Bedi, Social Activist Swami Agnivesh, RTI activist Arvind Kejriwal and many more. Prominent personalities like Aamir Khan is supporting his cause. Ok, got it. What can I do? At least we can spread the message. How? At least we can support Anna Hazare and the cause for uprooting corruption from India.  At least we can hope that his Hunger Strike does not go in vain. At least we can pray for his good health. As a CITIZEN of India, you may be able to do any great thing supporting this cause

thumb rule

....................................Yeah, I too don't like certain thumb-rules, I really wonder why those people always showed their middle finger  to these kind of thumb'(s) rules... I believe that historians are too futuristic in their presumption regarding them. They must have thought that the stone made citadels and its insane rules would be persistent. Its general human tendency to foresee the future and its grievances on self, apparently virtually they live in the future too........           Comprehending the spirit of freedom and putting efforts for its accomplishment was the history. It was when they were fringed to have responsibility by enforcement...... Now the case became smart and they are not taking away freedom of someone by squeezing one's strength instead they are doing it by en-cashing the weakness... I do not know what kind of emulations would be aspired and enacted to overcome these kind of uneven and unwanted (for some people) tasks......................................

hmm .... a living fossil

I said to him that, "I do like such a state where food is available and we can go and take it, I'm an anti-competentialist and I never believe or like to compete for surveillance, I do not like but I believe in sustenance from competition of my predator on me". Then he said,"So far I thought coelacanths are living fossils, but now I can write a paper that I found another living fossil known with characters homo erectus and even more peculiar" and he also asked,"How could you sustain your mindset like that inspite of several agonies affecting your kind of creatures???".  I have no answer for him, I think there is no single organism with human characters could like to be with this mindset. Yes, I too do not understand, why didn't such a mindset got extinction from this insane society. They do always like to sink into their own soup, and never try to understand that the period they are living is not an eternal intimacy with this brutal and malleable and malicious nature that mimics mother for some time and become a demon the next moment, if one is asked to presume his persistence with such a person for long enough, who would dare to be with... but they love this nature and laugh at the persons who realize it. They say, "you should be flexible to be sustaining with nature". why should I, okay if one should be able to be so, by deterioration of the self, its even more possible,flexible and even plausible. The truth is extinction is the fate  that is carefully and inevitably decided by nature, but retainment of these fossil characters is just the mistake/overlook of it.

musings

In childhood I was there at places where there is continuous rigor went on that was amazing to listen, read and no one spoke negative about life. But the present circles includes where 90% of people speak negative about life. I say negative because they feel sad about those things and any amazing thing is a stupidity for them and Many people say that I speak negative about life despite I say them smiling and they are truths beyond the scope of life the thought of which really makes one to leave the life as soon as possible. My truth is fantasy for many people, they may understand the luster of life just  like that only... Truly speaking the basic need of ATP to cell makes a person to live from his origin to senescence and death, despite being aware of the fact that he is for nothing in this world, and being also aware of the fact that he's an ecological output on evolutionary scale, he likes to be the part of the beauty of physical and psychological events and get affected by both planned and random circumstances, which he calls necessity and which I call weakness..

How Nanorobots Will Work

Imagine going to the doctor to get treatment for a persistent fever. Instead of giving you a pill or a shot, the doctor refers you to a special medical team which implants a tiny robot into your bloodstream. The robot detects the cause of your fever, travels to the appropriate system and provides a dose of medication directly to the infected area. Robot Image Gallery The robot in this illustration swims through the arteries and veins using a pair of tail appendages.See more pictures of robots. Surprisingly, we're not that far off from seeing devices like this actually used in medical procedures. They're called nanorobots and engineering teams around the world are working to design robots that will eventually be used to treat everything from hemophilia to cancer. Bigger Isn't Always Better In 1959, Richard Feynman, an engineer at CalTech, issued a challenge to engineers everywhere. He wanted someone to build a working motor that could fit within a cube 1/64th of an inch on each side. His hope was that by designing and building such a motor, engineers would develop new production methods that could be used in the emerging field of nanotechnology. In 1960, Bill McLellan claimed the prize, having built a working motor to the proper specifications. Feynman awarded the prize even though McLellan built the motor by hand without devising any new production methodologies. As you can imagine, the challenges facing engineers are daunting. A viable nanorobot has to be small and agile enough to navigate through the human circulatory system, an incredibly complex network of veins and arteries. The robot must also have the capacity to carry medication or miniature tools. Assuming the nanorobot isn't meant to stay in the patient forever, it also has to be able to make its way out of the host. In this article, we'll learn about the potential applications of nanorobots, the various ways nanorobots will navigate and move through our bodies, the tools they will use to heal patients, the progress teams around the world have made so far and what theorists see in the future. Video Gallery: Robots in SpaceThe Spirit Exploration Rover is one of two robots exploring the surface of Mars. See what this high-tech rover is all about. In the next section, we'll learn about the conditions and diseases nanorobots will treat in the future. Take Two Bots and Call Me in the Morning Properly realized, nanorobots will be able to treat a host of diseases and conditions. While their size means they can only carry very small payloads of medicine or equipment, many doctors and engineers believe the precise application of these tools will be more effective than more traditional methods. For example, a doctor might deliver a powerful antibiotic to a patient through a syringe to help his immune system. The antibiotic becomes diluted while it travels through the patient's bloodstream, causing only some of it makes it to the point of infection. However, a nanorobot -- or team of nanorobots -- could travel to the point of infection directly and deliver a small dose of medication. The patient would potentially suffer fewer side effects from the medication. Several engineers, scientists and doctors believe that nanorobot applications are practically unlimited. Some of the most likely uses include: Treating arteriosclerosis: Arteriosclerosis refers to a condition where plaque builds along the walls of arteries. Nanorobots could conceivably treat the condition by cutting away the plaque, which would then enter the bloodstream. Nanorobots may treat conditions like arteriosclerosis by physically chipping away the plaque along artery walls. Breaking up blood clots: Blood clots can cause complications ranging from muscle death to a stroke. Nanorobots could travel to a clot and break it up. This application is one of the most dangerous uses for nanorobots -- the robot must be able to remove the blockage without losing small pieces in the bloodstream, which could then travel elsewhere in the body and cause more problems. The robot must also be small enough so that it doesn't block the flow of blood itself. Fighting cancer: Doctors hope to use nanorobots to treat cancer patients. The robots could either attack tumors directly using lasers, microwaves or ultrasonic signals or they could be part of a chemotherapy treatment, delivering medication directly to the cancer site. Doctors believe that by delivering small but precise doses of medication to the patient, side effects will be minimized without a loss in the medication's effectiveness. Helping the body clot: One particular kind of nanorobot is the clottocyte, or artificial platelet. The clottocyte carries a small mesh net that dissolves into a sticky membrane upon contact with blood plasma. According to Robert A. Freitas, Jr., the man who designed the clottocyte, clotting could be up to 1,000 times faster than the body's natural clotting mechanism [source: Freitas]. Doctors could use clottocytes to treat hemophiliacs or patients with serious open wounds. Parasite Removal: Nanorobots could wage micro-war on bacteria and small parasitic organisms inside a patient. It might take several nanorobots working together to destroy all the parasites. Gout: Gout is a condition where the kidneys lose the ability to remove waste from the breakdown of fats from the bloodstream. This waste sometimes crystallizes at points near joints like the knees and ankles. People who suffer from gout experience intense pain at these joints. A nanorobot could break up the crystalline structures at the joints, providing relief from the symptoms, though it wouldn't be able to reverse the condition permanently. Breaking up kidney stones: Kidney stones can be intensely painful -- the larger the stone the more difficult it is to pass. Doctors break up large kidney stones using ultrasonic frequencies, but it's not always effective. A nanorobot could break up a kidney stones using a small laser. Nanorobots might carry small ultrasonic signal generators to deliver frequencies directly to kidney stones. Cleaning wounds: Nanorobots could help remove debris from wounds, decreasing the likelihood of infection. They would be particularly useful in cases of puncture wounds, where it might be difficult to treat using more conventional methods. In the next section, we'll see how nanorobots will navigate through the circulatory system. Nanorobot Navigation There are three main considerations scientists need to focus on when looking at nanorobots moving through the body -- navigation, power and how the nanorobot will move through blood vessels. Nanotechnologists are looking at different options for each of these considerations, each of which has positive and negative aspects. Most options can be divided into one of two categories: external systems and onboard systems. External navigation systems might use a variety of different methods to pilot the nanorobot to the right location. One of these methods is to use ultrasonic signals to detect the nanorobot's location and direct it to the right destination. Doctors would beam ultrasonic signals into the patient's body. The signals would either pass through the body, reflect back to the source of the signals, or both. The nanorobot could emit pulses of ultrasonic signals, which doctors could detect using special equipment with ultrasonic sensors. Doctors could keep track of the nanorobot's location and maneuver it to the right part of the patient's body. Photo courtesy NASA Some scientists plan to control and power nanorobots using MRI devices like this one. Using a Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) device, doctors could locate and track a nanorobot by detecting its magnetic field. Doctors and engineers at the Ecole Polytechnique de Montreal demonstrated how they could detect, track, control and even propel a nanorobot using MRI. They tested their findings by maneuvering a small magnetic particle through a pig's arteries using specialized software on an MRI machine. Because many hospitals have MRI machines, this might become the industry standard -- hospitals won't have to invest in expensive, unproven technologies. Doctors might also track nanorobots by injecting a radioactive dye into the patient's bloodstream. They would then use a fluoroscope or similar device to detect the radioactive dye as it moves through the circulatory system. Complex three-dimensional images would indicate where the nanorobot is located. Alternatively, the nanorobot could emit the radioactive dye, creating a pathway behind it as it moves through the body. Other methods of detecting the nanorobot include using X-rays, radio waves, microwaves or heat. Right now, our technology using these methods on nano-sized objects is limited, so it's much more likely that future systems will rely more on other methods. Onboard systems, or internal sensors, might also play a large role in navigation. A nanorobot with chemical sensors could detect and follow the trail of specific chemicals to reach the right location. A spectroscopic sensor would allow the nanorobot to take samples of surrounding tissue, analyze them and follow a path of the right combination of chemicals. Hard as it may be to imagine, nanorobots might include a miniature television camera. An operator at a console will be able to steer the device while watching a live video feed, navigating it through the body manually. Camera systems are fairly complex, so it might be a few years before nanotechnologists can create a reliable system that can fit inside a tiny robot. Powering the Nanorobot Just like the navigation systems, nanotechnologists are considering both external and internal power sources. Some designs rely on the nanorobot using the patient's own body as a way of generating power. Other designs include a small power source on board the robot itself. Finally, some designs use forces outside the patient's body to power the robot. Nanorobots could get power directly from the bloodstream. A nanorobot with mounted electrodes could form a battery using the electrolytes found in blood. Another option is to create chemical reactions with blood to burn it for energy. The nanorobot would hold a small supply of chemicals that would become a fuel source when combined with blood. A nanorobot could use the patient's body heat to create power, but there would need to be a gradient of temperatures to manage it. Power generation would be a result of the Seebeck effect. The Seebeck effect occurs when two conductors made of different metals are joined at two points that are kept at two different temperatures. The metal conductors become a thermocouple, meaning that they generate voltage when the junctures are at different temperatures. Since it's difficult to rely on temperature gradients within the body, it's unlikely we'll see many nanorobots use body heat for power. While it might be possible to create batteries small enough to fit inside a nanorobot, they aren't generally seen as a viable power source. The problem is that batteries supply a relatively small amount of power related to their size and weight, so a very small battery would only provide a fraction of the power a nanorobot would need. A more likely candidate is a capacitor, which has a slightly better power-to-weight ratio. © Photographer: Newstocker I Agency: Dreamstime.com Engineers are working on building smaller capacitors that will power technology like nanorobots. Another possibility for nanorobot power is to use a nuclear power source. The thought of a tiny robot powered by nuclear energy gives some people the willies, but keep in mind the amount of material is small and, according to some experts, easy to shield [source: Rubinstein]. Still, public opinions regarding nuclear power make this possibility unlikely at best. External power sources include systems where the nanorobot is either tethered to the outside world or is controlled without a physical tether. Tethered systems would need a wire between the nanorobot and the power source. The wire would need to be strong, but it would also need to move effortlessly through the human body without causing damage. A physical tether could supply power either by electricity or optically. Optical systems use light through fiber optics, which would then need to be converted into electricity on board the robot. The Piezoelectric Effect Some crystals gain an electrical charge if you apply force to them. Conversely, if you apply an electric charge to one of these crystals, it will vibrate as a result, giving off ultrasonic signals. Quartz is probably the most familiar crystal with piezoelectric effects. External systems that don't use tethers could rely on microwaves, ultrasonic signals or magnetic fields. Microwaves are the least likely, since beaming them into a patient would result in damaged tissue, since the patient's body would absorb most of the microwaves and heat up as a result. A nanorobot with a piezoelectric membrane could pick up ultrasonic signals and convert them into electricity. Systems using magnetic fields, like the one doctors are experimenting with in Montreal, can either manipulate the nanorobot directly or induce an electrical current in a closed conducting loop in the robot. Nanorobot Locomotion Assuming the nanorobot isn't tethered or designed to float passively through the bloodstream, it will need a means of propulsion to get around the body. Because it may have to travel against the flow of blood, the propulsion system has to be relatively strong for its size. Another important consideration is the safety of the patient -- the system must be able to move the nanorobot around without causing damage to the host. Some scientists are looking at the world of microscopic organisms for inspiration. Paramecium move through their environment using tiny tail-like limbs called cilia. By vibrating the cilia, the paramecium can swim in any direction. Similar to cilia are flagella, which are longer tail structures. Organisms whip flagella around in different ways to move around. Nanorobot designers sometimes look at microscopic organisms for propulsion inspiration, like the flagellum on this e-coli cell. Scientists in Israel created microrobot, a robot only a few millimeters in length, which uses small appendages to grip and crawl through blood vessels. The scientists manipulate the arms by creating magnetic fields outside the patient's body. The magnetic fields cause the robot's arms to vibrate, pushing it further through the blood vessels. The scientists point out that because all of the energy for the nanorobot comes from an external source, there's no need for an internal power source. They hope the relatively simple design will make it easy to build even smaller robots. Other devices sound even more exotic. One would use capacitors to generate magnetic fields that would pull conductive fluids through one end of an electromagnetic pump and shoot it out the back end. The nanorobot would move around like a jet airplane. Miniaturized jet pumps could even use blood plasma to push the nanorobot forward, though, unlike the electromagnetic pump, there would need to be moving parts. Another potential way nanorobots could move around is by using a vibrating membrane. By alternately tightening and relaxing tension on a membrane, a nanorobot could generate small amounts of thrust. On the nanoscale, this thrust could be significant enough to act as a viable source of motion. In the next section, we'll look at the tools nanorobots might carry to fulfill their medical missions. Teeny, Tiny Tools Photo courtesy Garrigan.net Nanorobot tools will have to be small enough to manipulate cells like these red blood cells. Current microrobots are only a few millimeters long and about a millimeter in diameter. Compared to the nanoscale, that's enormous -- a nanometer is only one-billionth of a meter, while a millimeter is one-thousandth of a meter. Future nanorobots will be so small, you'll only be able to see them with the help of a microscope. Nanorobot tools will need to be even smaller. Here are a few of the items you might find in a nanorobot's toolkit: Medicine cavity -- a hollow section inside the nanorobot might hold small doses of medicine or chemicals. The robot could release medication directly to the site of injury or infection. Nanorobots could also carry the chemicals used in chemotherapy to treat cancer directly at the site. Although the amount of medication is relatively miniscule, applying it directly to the cancerous tissue may be more effective than traditional chemotherapy, which relies on the body's circulatory system to carry the chemicals throughout the patient's body. Probes, knives and chisels -- to remove blockages and plaque, a nanorobot will need something to grab and break down material. They might also need a device to crush clots into very small pieces. If a partial clot breaks free and enters the bloodstream, it may cause more problems further down the circulatory system. Microwave emitters and ultrasonic signal generators -- to destroy cancerous cells, doctors need methods that will kill a cell without rupturing it. A ruptured cancer cell might release chemicals that could cause the cancer to spread further. By using fine-tuned microwaves or ultrasonic signals, a nanorobot could break the chemical bonds in the cancerous cell, killing it without breaking the cell wall. Alternatively, the robot could emit microwaves or ultrasonic signals in order to heat the cancerous cell enough to destroy it. Electrodes -- two electrodes protruding from the nanorobot could kill cancer cells by generating an electric current, heating the cell up until it dies. Lasers -- tiny, powerful lasers could burn away harmful material like arterial plaque, cancerous cells or blood clots. The lasers would literally vaporize the tissue. The two biggest challenges and concerns scientists have regarding these small tools are making them effective and making them safe. For instance, creating a small laser powerful enough to vaporize cancerous cells is a big challenge, but designing it so that the nanorobot doesn't harm surrounding healthy tissue makes the task even more difficult. While many scientific teams have developed nanorobots small enough to enter the bloodstream, that's only the first step to making nanorobots a real medical application. Nanorobots: Today and Tomorrow Teams around the world are working on creating the first practical medical nanorobot. Robots ranging from a millimeter in diameter to a relatively hefty two centimeters long already exist, though they are all still in the testing phase of development and haven't been used on people. We're probably several years away from seeing nanorobots enter the medical market. Today's microrobots are just prototypes that lack the ability to perform medical tasks. Yoshikazu Tsuno/AFP/Getty Images Although this 2-centimeter-long robot is an impressive achievement, future robots will be hundreds of times smaller. In the future, nanorobots could revolutionize medicine. Doctors could treat everything from heart disease to cancer using tiny robots the size of bacteria, a scale much smaller than today's robots. Robots might work alone or in teams to eradicate disease and treat other conditions. Some believe that semiautonomous nanorobots are right around the corner -- doctors would implant robots able to patrol a human's body, reacting to any problems that pop up. Unlike acute treatment, these robots would stay in the patient's body forever. Another potential future application of nanorobot technology is to re-engineer our bodies to become resistant to disease, increase our strength or even improve our intelligence. Dr. Richard Thompson, a former professor of ethics, has written about the ethical implications of nanotechnology. He says the most important tool is communication, and that it's pivotal for communities, medical organizations and the government to talk about nanotechnology now, while the industry is still in its infancy. Will we one day have thousands of microscopic robots rushing around in our veins, making corrections and healing our cuts, bruises and illnesses? With nanotechnology, it seems like anything is possible. Original article reference: http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/nanorobot.htm

Few thoughts and predictions

I believe that, ethics and some other such social elements can not be found in and as some benchmark phenotypes in the thread of evolution as they are just induced phenomena of social behavior with variable intensity in their dissipation and reception too, the marks of which can't be imbibed into genes that easily, but I'm not sure. nature may prove me wrong... yet above statement is certain at least for few centuries and I do also believe that, natural evolution may reduce significance in influencing at least the human population's changes which are actually supposed to be brought about by just natural means, but the advent of artificial intelligence and other technologies may make humans to be rudimentary in many issues in future and the evolution may be influenced significantly by artificial intelligence in collaboration with ecology. There could be mixed nature in human body content which may get relatively large part of change in its composition by means addition more metals as circuits, fiber content and so on. There were some calculations regarding the content of pollutants of the contemporary world and time taken for their vanishing if they are left un-produced, but there is a chance for evolution of pollution resistant verity of humans. But I have another doubt also that, the sophistication of technology may more slows down the evolutionary mechanisms, in certain group of individuals being enslaved by technology. hmmm many more thoughts and dreams next time.. Cheers :)

A small Art

Does Center of Black hole constitute another wholesome Universe (This picture is hand drawn random picture using GIMP, resembles black hole's predicted inner events)

Shadow of life

!!??!!??!!??!! Chaos in my Mind !!??!!??!!??!!

Science has sense and It rocks

How different are We

By Definition..

There is nothing called gold standard for the word 'definition'. one has to be precarious to define something.. If you define "water" as an entity in liquid state under STP of earth formed by the combination Heth 2 O... I say, the pronunciation of "H" in glass designing industry has been assigned for making markings on glass made articles using hydrogen fluoride.. if you don't say H2O but something else to name it, another one may catch another flaw in it. So never say by definition for anyhing.. as everything is the matter of change with time...